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"value": "Menu design and organization affects customers' spending. This often includes placing special menu items in certain visual fields,ALISON DOMINGUEZ \nA menu is so many things: calling card, salesman, a fantastical story that takes you on a culinary journey around the world.\n\nOn second glance, however, you may notice that restaurant menus are not as straightforward as you think. What might appear as a simple guide is actually riddled with sleights of hand to get you to shell out more money. And I'm not just talking about sit-down restaurants and Michelin-starred tasting menus. These tricks are also common at fast food restaurants and your favorite takeout spots.\n Share this article on Twitter Facebook Mail\nIn fact, some restaurants even hire menu consultants to help them design their menus using all the basic tenets of menu psychology so you spend more money.\n\nMenu Psychology 101\n\nAs the name suggests, menu psychology is the study of how menu design and organization affects customers' spending. This often includes placing special menu items in certain visual fields, like boxes or front and center. But ultimately a good menu is only truly successful when its design increases customer loyalty.\n\n\u201cFor most restaurants, the goal is to drive repeat business. That means the top goal of a restaurant is for customers to leave feeling satisfied,\" says Dr. Jason Buhle, who lectures in the master's program of applied psychology at USC. \"If a restaurant encourages a diner to purchase more than they want, they may overeat or feel bad about wasting food or money. If a bill is higher than a customer intended, they will surely factor that final impression in when choosing a restaurant next time.\u201d\n\n\n\nIf you like this article, please sign up for Snapshot, Portside's daily summary.\nEmail\n(One summary e-mail a day, you can change anytime, and Portside is always free.)\n Leave this field blank\nArguably, we make more decisions about food than really anything else, so the power a menu can hold over us can be immense. Much like how we are influenced by the advertisements we see each day, so too are we influenced by the menus we browse.\n\n\"Restaurants should always remember a menu is a form of advertising,\" says Buhle. \"Good advertising helps customers make choices that are better aligned with their wants and needs.\"\n\nWhat are those wants and needs? To not become overwhelmed with options (a.k.a. the paradox of choice), to know we are making the right choice, and to feel like we're getting a good deal. But in order to stimulate all of these cues, restaurant menus play some tricks on us\n\nSpotting Menu Psychology in the Wild\n\nOnce ... notice the visual elements that make up a menu, you'll never be able to unsee them. Here are just a few common practices out there:\n\nPut it in a box. You might think that writing fancy titles for dishes and changing pricing alone is the most pivotal part of a menu's design. But more often than not, it\u2019s the positioning of the dish on the menu with eye movement in mind, like putting it in the center of a menu or in a box. This will influence a higher likelihood of a customer choosing a higher priced item.\n\n(Don't) show me the money. \"The goal of restaurants is to put the food first and the price second in the customer\u2019s mind,\" says Buhle. \"One way they can do this is by literally listing the food first and the price second.\" Along with pricing items as a whole number and removing dollar signs entirely from a menu (\"9.\" or \"9\u2014\" instead of \"$9.00\"), this will soften how intimidating a higher price item might appear on the menu. Menu consultants and researchers also say that prices that end in $.99 also \"tend to signify value but not quality.\"\n\nPhotos? No thanks. Illustrations? Yes, please. Photos of food are a powerful way to stoke hunger in diners, but there are things to be wary of. \u201cPoor photos may elicit disgust, photos of fake food may result in an unpleasant \u2018uncanny valley\u2019 reaction,\" says Buhle. \"And misleading photos may lead to a loss in consumer trust.\" This is also why you might notice more illustrated food pictures\u2014charming cartoonish cows, freshly picked carrots, or sketched wine bottles\u2014on more upscale restaurants' menus.\n\nExpensive dishes go at the top. This is due to the \"primacy effect,\" which refers to how we often zero-in on the first item of a list and ignore the rest. Diners don't truly \"read\" a menu; they more often scan it, so the expensive items at the top will make the other items look like a good deal by comparison.\n\nKeep it exclusive. Fewer dishes to choose from is better when it comes to assuring a restaurant-goer of the establishment's quality, which increases diner trust. According to researchers, \u201c60 percent to 70 percent of [a restaurant's] sales came from fewer than 18-24 menu items.\u201d\n\nBanner blindness. \u201cOne technique restaurants should be wary to use is banners,\" says Buhle. \"In usability testing, we frequently see a phenomena we call \u2018banner blindness,\u2019 where users skip over any content in banners. When asked why, they say they assume it was an advertisement that would not contain any information relevant to them.\u201d Keep ignoring those banners, diners!\n\nPluck those nostalgia strings. Ever notice when dishes are called something like \"Uncle Grandma's Chicken Pot Pie\"? This is very much intentional. According to menu engineers, \u201cPeople like the names of mothers, grandmothers and other relatives on their menus, and research shows they are much more likely to buy, say, Grandma\u2019s zucchini cookies.\"\n\nIf these tricks are starting to make you feel spooked, rest assured that there's only so much hold they can have over a you. \u201cMenu design and placement of items on the menu can influence the customers\u2019 decision,\" says Professor Dave Pavesic, who teaches in Georgia State University's hospitality administration program. \"It will not influence customers to purchase items that they do not want.\u201d\n\nSo, don't worry if you don't like grilled octopus. You're likely not going to be swayed enough to order a $48 octopus special, no matter how it's written on the menu.\n\nMACKENZIE FILSON\n\nCONTRIBUTING ASSISTANT DIGITAL FOOD PRODUCER\n\nMackenzie Filson is a food writer and contributing digital food producer at Delish. Her favorite ice cream flavor is chocolate-pine and if wine was an astrological sign she'd be a New Zealand Sauvignon Blanc. She's never met a bag of Spicy Sweet Chili Doritos she didn't eat in one sitting.\n Restaurant Industry menus menu design Subscribe to Portside",
"lang": "en",
"html": "<div class=\"expanded-article-image-wrapper\">\n<img alt=\"\" class=\"expanded-article-image u-photo img-responsive\" height=\"451\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://portside.org/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/field/image/24-del-inline-howmenusaredesigned-r2-slide-2-1-65c103dcca021.png_.jpeg\" width=\"615\"/>\n<div class=\"article-image-credit\">\n Menu design and organization affects customers' spending. This often includes placing special menu items in certain visual fields,ALISON DOMINGUEZ\n </div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"full-article-text-wrapper\">\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>A menu is so many things: calling card, salesman, a fantastical story that takes you on a culinary journey around the world.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>On second glance, however, you may notice that restaurant menus are not as straightforward as you think. What might appear as a simple guide is actually riddled with sleights of hand to get you to shell out more money. And I'm not just talking about sit-down restaurants and Michelin-starred tasting menus. These tricks are also common at fast food restaurants and your favorite takeout spots.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<div class=\"links inline social-buttons-links tokens\" id=\"block-socialsimpleblock\">\n<div class=\"social-buttons\">\n<div class=\"social-buttons-title\">Share this article on</div>\n<ul class=\"links\">\n<li class=\"twitter\"><a data-placement=\"top\" data-popup-height=\"300\" data-popup-width=\"600\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" href=\"https://twitter.com/intent/tweet/?url=https%3A//portside.org/2024-02-19/restaurant-menus-are-designed-trick-you-spending-more-money&amp;text=Restaurant%20Menus%20Are%20Designed%20To%20Trick%20You%20Into%20Spending%20More%20Money\" title=\"Twitter\"><i class=\"fa fa-twitter\"></i><span class=\"visually-hidden\">Twitter</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"facebook\"><a data-placement=\"top\" data-popup-height=\"300\" data-popup-width=\"600\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" href=\"https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A//portside.org/2024-02-19/restaurant-menus-are-designed-trick-you-spending-more-money\" title=\"Facebook\"><i class=\"fa fa-facebook\"></i><span class=\"visually-hidden\">Facebook</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"mail\"><a data-popup-open=\"false\" href=\"mailto:?body=%0ARestaurant%20Menus%20Are%20Designed%20To%20Trick%20You%20Into%20Spending%20More%20Money%0Ahttps%3A//portside.org/2024-02-19/restaurant-menus-are-designed-trick-you-spending-more-money&amp;subject=Restaurant%20Menus%20Are%20Designed%20To%20Trick%20You%20Into%20Spending%20More%20Money\" title=\"Mail\"><i class=\"fa fa-envelope\"></i><span class=\"visually-hidden\">Mail</span></a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>In fact, some restaurants even hire menu consultants to help them design their menus using all the basic tenets of menu psychology so you spend more money.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Menu Psychology 101</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>As the name suggests, menu psychology is the study of how menu design and organization affects customers' spending. This often includes placing special menu items in certain visual fields, like boxes or front and center. But ultimately a good menu is only truly successful when its design increases customer loyalty.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>\u201cFor most restaurants, the goal is to drive repeat business. That means the top goal of a restaurant is for customers to leave feeling satisfied,\" says Dr. Jason Buhle, who lectures in the master's program of applied psychology at USC. \"If a restaurant encourages a diner to purchase more than they want, they may overeat or feel bad about wasting food or money. If a bill is higher than a customer intended, they will surely factor that final impression in when choosing a restaurant next time.\u201d</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p></p><div class=\"snapshot-mini-form tokens\" data-drupal-selector=\"snapshot-mini-form\" id=\"block-portsidelistservnewslettersubscribeminiform\">\n<form accept-charset=\"UTF-8\" action=\"#snapshot-mini-form\" class=\"form-horizontal\" id=\"snapshot-mini-form\" method=\"post\">\n<p class=\"helper-text\">If you like this article, please sign up for Snapshot, Portside's daily summary.</p><div class=\"subscribe-oneline\"><div class=\"row form-group js-form-item form-item js-form-type-email form-type-email js-form-item-email-address form-item-email-address\">\n<label class=\"col-sm-2 control-label js-form-required form-required\" for=\"edit-email-address\">Email</label>\n<div class=\"form--email col-sm-10 col-lg-8\">\n<input aria-required=\"true\" class=\"form-email required form-control input--text\" data-drupal-selector=\"edit-email-address\" id=\"edit-email-address\" maxlength=\"64\" name=\"email_address\" required=\"required\" size=\"64\" type=\"email\" value=\"\"/>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"form-group\">\n<input class=\"btn-wide button js-form-submit form-submit btn-portside\" data-drupal-selector=\"edit-submit\" id=\"edit-submit\" name=\"op\" type=\"submit\" value=\"Subscribe\"/>\n</div>\n</div><input class=\"form-control input--text\" data-drupal-selector=\"edit-list-name\" name=\"list_name\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"PORTSIDE-SNAPSHOT\"/>\n<p class=\"helper-text\">(One summary e-mail a day, you can <a href=\"https://portside.org/subscribe\">change anytime</a>, and Portside is always free.)</p><input class=\"form-control input--text\" data-drupal-selector=\"edit-honeypot-time\" name=\"honeypot_time\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"alfV_x_SxiIrU0qV-OeYCskkl8OkNZhVfKFcIUb5OHM\"/>\n<input autocomplete=\"off\" class=\"form-control input--text\" data-drupal-selector=\"form-nyymcr1w7pw0edtulp5e9ctxi4dfk2an5lhqnqvpai4\" name=\"form_build_id\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"form-nYymCR1w7PW0edtuLp5E9cTxi4DfK2an5lHQnqVPaI4\"/>\n<input class=\"form-control input--text\" data-drupal-selector=\"edit-snapshot-mini-form\" name=\"form_id\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"snapshot_mini_form\"/>\n<div class=\"zip-textfield js-form-wrapper form-wrapper\" style=\"display: none !important;\"><div class=\"row form-group js-form-item form-item js-form-type-textfield form-type-textfield js-form-item-zip form-item-zip\">\n<label class=\"col-sm-2 control-label\" for=\"edit-zip\">Leave this field blank</label>\n<div class=\"form--textfield col-sm-10 col-lg-8\">\n<input autocomplete=\"off\" class=\"form-text form-control input--text\" data-drupal-selector=\"edit-zip\" id=\"edit-zip\" maxlength=\"128\" name=\"zip\" size=\"20\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"/>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n</form>\n</div>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Arguably, we make more decisions about food than really anything else, so the power a menu can hold over us can be immense. Much like how we are influenced by the advertisements we see each day, so too are we influenced by the menus we browse.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>\"Restaurants should always remember a menu is a form of advertising,\" says Buhle. \"Good advertising helps customers make choices that are better aligned with their wants and needs.\"</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>What are those wants and needs? To not become overwhelmed with options (a.k.a. the paradox of choice), to know we are making the right choice, and to feel like we're getting a good deal. But in order to stimulate all of these cues, restaurant menus play some tricks on us</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Spotting Menu Psychology in the Wild</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Once you notice the visual elements that make up a menu, you'll never be able to unsee them. Here are just a few common practices out there:</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Put it in a box. You might think that writing fancy titles for dishes and changing pricing alone is the most pivotal part of a menu's design. But more often than not, it\u2019s the positioning of the dish on the menu with eye movement in mind, like putting it in the center of a menu or in a box. This will influence a higher likelihood of a customer choosing a higher priced item.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>(Don't) show me the money. \"The goal of restaurants is to put the food first and the price second in the customer\u2019s mind,\" says Buhle. \"One way they can do this is by literally listing the food first and the price second.\" Along with pricing items as a whole number and removing dollar signs entirely from a menu (\"9.\" or \"9\u2014\" instead of \"$9.00\"), this will soften how intimidating a higher price item might appear on the menu. Menu consultants and researchers also say that prices that end in $.99 also \"tend to signify value but not quality.\"</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Photos? No thanks. Illustrations? Yes, please. Photos of food are a powerful way to stoke hunger in diners, but there are things to be wary of. \u201cPoor photos may elicit disgust, photos of fake food may result in an unpleasant \u2018uncanny valley\u2019 reaction,\" says Buhle. \"And misleading photos may lead to a loss in consumer trust.\" This is also why you might notice more illustrated food pictures\u2014charming cartoonish cows, freshly picked carrots, or sketched wine bottles\u2014on more upscale restaurants' menus.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Expensive dishes go at the top. This is due to the \"primacy effect,\" which refers to how we often zero-in on the first item of a list and ignore the rest. Diners don't truly \"read\" a menu; they more often scan it, so the expensive items at the top will make the other items look like a good deal by comparison.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Keep it exclusive. Fewer dishes to choose from is better when it comes to assuring a restaurant-goer of the establishment's quality, which increases diner trust. According to researchers, \u201c60 percent to 70 percent of [a restaurant's] sales came from fewer than 18-24 menu items.\u201d</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Banner blindness. \u201cOne technique restaurants should be wary to use is banners,\" says Buhle. \"In usability testing, we frequently see a phenomena we call \u2018banner blindness,\u2019 where users skip over any content in banners. When asked why, they say they assume it was an advertisement that would not contain any information relevant to them.\u201d Keep ignoring those banners, diners!</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Pluck those nostalgia strings. Ever notice when dishes are called something like \"Uncle Grandma's Chicken Pot Pie\"? This is very much intentional. According to menu engineers, \u201cPeople like the names of mothers, grandmothers and other relatives on their menus, and research shows they are much more likely to buy, say, Grandma\u2019s zucchini cookies.\"</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>If these tricks are starting to make you feel spooked, rest assured that there's only so much hold they can have over a you. \u201cMenu design and placement of items on the menu can influence the customers\u2019 decision,\" says Professor Dave Pavesic, who teaches in Georgia State University's hospitality administration program. \"It will not influence customers to purchase items that they do not want.\u201d</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>So, don't worry if you don't like grilled octopus. You're likely not going to be swayed enough to order a $48 octopus special, no matter how it's written on the menu.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>MACKENZIE FILSON</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>CONTRIBUTING ASSISTANT DIGITAL FOOD PRODUCER</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Mackenzie Filson is a food writer and contributing digital food producer at Delish. Her favorite ice cream flavor is chocolate-pine and if wine was an astrological sign she'd be a New Zealand Sauvignon Blanc. She's never met a bag of Spicy Sweet Chili Doritos she didn't eat in one sitting.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n</div>\n<div>\n<span class=\"hidden\"><a href=\"https://brid.gy/publish/twitter\"></a></span><span class=\"hidden\"><a href=\"https://brid.gy/publish/mastodon\"></a></span><div class=\"node_view\"></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"tags\">\n<ul class=\"tags\">\n<li class=\"h-category\"><a href=\"https://portside.org/restaurant-industry\" hreflang=\"en\">Restaurant Industry</a></li>\n<li class=\"h-category\"><a href=\"https://portside.org/menus\" hreflang=\"en\">menus</a></li>\n<li class=\"h-category\"><a href=\"https://portside.org/menu-design\" hreflang=\"en\">menu design</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<div class=\"buttons-article-end\">\n<div class=\"subscribe-article-end\">\n<a class=\"btn btn-primary\" href=\"https://portside.org/subscribe\">Subscribe to Portside</a>\n</div>\n</div>"
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D 2024-02-20 06:40:11.268002+00:00 Converted to ActivityStreams object: {
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"content": "<div class=\"expanded-article-image-wrapper\">\n<img alt=\"\" class=\"expanded-article-image u-photo img-responsive\" height=\"451\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://portside.org/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/field/image/24-del-inline-howmenusaredesigned-r2-slide-2-1-65c103dcca021.png_.jpeg\" width=\"615\"/>\n<div class=\"article-image-credit\">\n Menu design and organization affects customers' spending. This often includes placing special menu items in certain visual fields,ALISON DOMINGUEZ\n </div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"full-article-text-wrapper\">\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>A menu is so many things: calling card, salesman, a fantastical story that takes you on a culinary journey around the world.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>On second glance, however, you may notice that restaurant menus are not as straightforward as you think. What might appear as a simple guide is actually riddled with sleights of hand to get you to shell out more money. And I'm not just talking about sit-down restaurants and Michelin-starred tasting menus. These tricks are also common at fast food restaurants and your favorite takeout spots.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<div class=\"links inline social-buttons-links tokens\" id=\"block-socialsimpleblock\">\n<div class=\"social-buttons\">\n<div class=\"social-buttons-title\">Share this article on</div>\n<ul class=\"links\">\n<li class=\"twitter\"><a data-placement=\"top\" data-popup-height=\"300\" data-popup-width=\"600\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" href=\"https://twitter.com/intent/tweet/?url=https%3A//portside.org/2024-02-19/restaurant-menus-are-designed-trick-you-spending-more-money&amp;text=Restaurant%20Menus%20Are%20Designed%20To%20Trick%20You%20Into%20Spending%20More%20Money\" title=\"Twitter\"><i class=\"fa fa-twitter\"></i><span class=\"visually-hidden\">Twitter</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"facebook\"><a data-placement=\"top\" data-popup-height=\"300\" data-popup-width=\"600\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" href=\"https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A//portside.org/2024-02-19/restaurant-menus-are-designed-trick-you-spending-more-money\" title=\"Facebook\"><i class=\"fa fa-facebook\"></i><span class=\"visually-hidden\">Facebook</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"mail\"><a data-popup-open=\"false\" href=\"mailto:?body=%0ARestaurant%20Menus%20Are%20Designed%20To%20Trick%20You%20Into%20Spending%20More%20Money%0Ahttps%3A//portside.org/2024-02-19/restaurant-menus-are-designed-trick-you-spending-more-money&amp;subject=Restaurant%20Menus%20Are%20Designed%20To%20Trick%20You%20Into%20Spending%20More%20Money\" title=\"Mail\"><i class=\"fa fa-envelope\"></i><span class=\"visually-hidden\">Mail</span></a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>In fact, some restaurants even hire menu consultants to help them design their menus using all the basic tenets of menu psychology so you spend more money.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Menu Psychology 101</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>As the name suggests, menu psychology is the study of how menu design and organization affects customers' spending. This often includes placing special menu items in certain visual fields, like boxes or front and center. But ultimately a good menu is only truly successful when its design increases customer loyalty.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>\u201cFor most restaurants, the goal is to drive repeat business. That means the top goal of a restaurant is for customers to leave feeling satisfied,\" says Dr. Jason Buhle, who lectures in the master's program of applied psychology at USC. \"If a restaurant encourages a diner to purchase more than they want, they may overeat or feel bad about wasting food or money. If a bill is higher than a customer intended, they will surely factor that final impression in when choosing a restaurant next time.\u201d</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p></p><div class=\"snapshot-mini-form tokens\" data-drupal-selector=\"snapshot-mini-form\" id=\"block-portsidelistservnewslettersubscribeminiform\">\n<form accept-charset=\"UTF-8\" action=\"#snapshot-mini-form\" class=\"form-horizontal\" id=\"snapshot-mini-form\" method=\"post\">\n<p class=\"helper-text\">If you like this article, please sign up for Snapshot, Portside's daily summary.</p><div class=\"subscribe-oneline\"><div class=\"row form-group js-form-item form-item js-form-type-email form-type-email js-form-item-email-address form-item-email-address\">\n<label class=\"col-sm-2 control-label js-form-required form-required\" for=\"edit-email-address\">Email</label>\n<div class=\"form--email col-sm-10 col-lg-8\">\n<input aria-required=\"true\" class=\"form-email required form-control input--text\" data-drupal-selector=\"edit-email-address\" id=\"edit-email-address\" maxlength=\"64\" name=\"email_address\" required=\"required\" size=\"64\" type=\"email\" value=\"\"/>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"form-group\">\n<input class=\"btn-wide button js-form-submit form-submit btn-portside\" data-drupal-selector=\"edit-submit\" id=\"edit-submit\" name=\"op\" type=\"submit\" value=\"Subscribe\"/>\n</div>\n</div><input class=\"form-control input--text\" data-drupal-selector=\"edit-list-name\" name=\"list_name\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"PORTSIDE-SNAPSHOT\"/>\n<p class=\"helper-text\">(One summary e-mail a day, you can <a href=\"https://portside.org/subscribe\">change anytime</a>, and Portside is always free.)</p><input class=\"form-control input--text\" data-drupal-selector=\"edit-honeypot-time\" name=\"honeypot_time\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"alfV_x_SxiIrU0qV-OeYCskkl8OkNZhVfKFcIUb5OHM\"/>\n<input autocomplete=\"off\" class=\"form-control input--text\" data-drupal-selector=\"form-nyymcr1w7pw0edtulp5e9ctxi4dfk2an5lhqnqvpai4\" name=\"form_build_id\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"form-nYymCR1w7PW0edtuLp5E9cTxi4DfK2an5lHQnqVPaI4\"/>\n<input class=\"form-control input--text\" data-drupal-selector=\"edit-snapshot-mini-form\" name=\"form_id\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"snapshot_mini_form\"/>\n<div class=\"zip-textfield js-form-wrapper form-wrapper\" style=\"display: none !important;\"><div class=\"row form-group js-form-item form-item js-form-type-textfield form-type-textfield js-form-item-zip form-item-zip\">\n<label class=\"col-sm-2 control-label\" for=\"edit-zip\">Leave this field blank</label>\n<div class=\"form--textfield col-sm-10 col-lg-8\">\n<input autocomplete=\"off\" class=\"form-text form-control input--text\" data-drupal-selector=\"edit-zip\" id=\"edit-zip\" maxlength=\"128\" name=\"zip\" size=\"20\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"/>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n</form>\n</div>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Arguably, we make more decisions about food than really anything else, so the power a menu can hold over us can be immense. Much like how we are influenced by the advertisements we see each day, so too are we influenced by the menus we browse.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>\"Restaurants should always remember a menu is a form of advertising,\" says Buhle. \"Good advertising helps customers make choices that are better aligned with their wants and needs.\"</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>What are those wants and needs? To not become overwhelmed with options (a.k.a. the paradox of choice), to know we are making the right choice, and to feel like we're getting a good deal. But in order to stimulate all of these cues, restaurant menus play some tricks on us</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Spotting Menu Psychology in the Wild</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Once you notice the visual elements that make up a menu, you'll never be able to unsee them. Here are just a few common practices out there:</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Put it in a box. You might think that writing fancy titles for dishes and changing pricing alone is the most pivotal part of a menu's design. But more often than not, it\u2019s the positioning of the dish on the menu with eye movement in mind, like putting it in the center of a menu or in a box. This will influence a higher likelihood of a customer choosing a higher priced item.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>(Don't) show me the money. \"The goal of restaurants is to put the food first and the price second in the customer\u2019s mind,\" says Buhle. \"One way they can do this is by literally listing the food first and the price second.\" Along with pricing items as a whole number and removing dollar signs entirely from a menu (\"9.\" or \"9\u2014\" instead of \"$9.00\"), this will soften how intimidating a higher price item might appear on the menu. Menu consultants and researchers also say that prices that end in $.99 also \"tend to signify value but not quality.\"</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Photos? No thanks. Illustrations? Yes, please. Photos of food are a powerful way to stoke hunger in diners, but there are things to be wary of. \u201cPoor photos may elicit disgust, photos of fake food may result in an unpleasant \u2018uncanny valley\u2019 reaction,\" says Buhle. \"And misleading photos may lead to a loss in consumer trust.\" This is also why you might notice more illustrated food pictures\u2014charming cartoonish cows, freshly picked carrots, or sketched wine bottles\u2014on more upscale restaurants' menus.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Expensive dishes go at the top. This is due to the \"primacy effect,\" which refers to how we often zero-in on the first item of a list and ignore the rest. Diners don't truly \"read\" a menu; they more often scan it, so the expensive items at the top will make the other items look like a good deal by comparison.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Keep it exclusive. Fewer dishes to choose from is better when it comes to assuring a restaurant-goer of the establishment's quality, which increases diner trust. According to researchers, \u201c60 percent to 70 percent of [a restaurant's] sales came from fewer than 18-24 menu items.\u201d</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Banner blindness. \u201cOne technique restaurants should be wary to use is banners,\" says Buhle. \"In usability testing, we frequently see a phenomena we call \u2018banner blindness,\u2019 where users skip over any content in banners. When asked why, they say they assume it was an advertisement that would not contain any information relevant to them.\u201d Keep ignoring those banners, diners!</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Pluck those nostalgia strings. Ever notice when dishes are called something like \"Uncle Grandma's Chicken Pot Pie\"? This is very much intentional. According to menu engineers, \u201cPeople like the names of mothers, grandmothers and other relatives on their menus, and research shows they are much more likely to buy, say, Grandma\u2019s zucchini cookies.\"</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>If these tricks are starting to make you feel spooked, rest assured that there's only so much hold they can have over a you. \u201cMenu design and placement of items on the menu can influence the customers\u2019 decision,\" says Professor Dave Pavesic, who teaches in Georgia State University's hospitality administration program. \"It will not influence customers to purchase items that they do not want.\u201d</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>So, don't worry if you don't like grilled octopus. You're likely not going to be swayed enough to order a $48 octopus special, no matter how it's written on the menu.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>MACKENZIE FILSON</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>CONTRIBUTING ASSISTANT DIGITAL FOOD PRODUCER</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Mackenzie Filson is a food writer and contributing digital food producer at Delish. Her favorite ice cream flavor is chocolate-pine and if wine was an astrological sign she'd be a New Zealand Sauvignon Blanc. She's never met a bag of Spicy Sweet Chili Doritos she didn't eat in one sitting.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\n</div>\n<div>\n<span class=\"hidden\"><a href=\"https://brid.gy/publish/twitter\"></a></span><span class=\"hidden\"><a href=\"https://brid.gy/publish/mastodon\"></a></span><div class=\"node_view\"></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"tags\">\n<ul class=\"tags\">\n<li class=\"h-category\"><a href=\"https://portside.org/restaurant-industry\" hreflang=\"en\">Restaurant Industry</a></li>\n<li class=\"h-category\"><a href=\"https://portside.org/menus\" hreflang=\"en\">menus</a></li>\n<li class=\"h-category\"><a href=\"https://portside.org/menu-design\" hreflang=\"en\">menu design</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<div class=\"buttons-article-end\">\n<div class=\"subscribe-article-end\">\n<a class=\"btn btn-primary\" href=\"https://portside.org/subscribe\">Subscribe to Portside</a>\n</div>\n</div>",
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